Mandatory Iraq

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← Previous revision Revision as of 04:14, 28 April 2026 Line 77: Line 77: [[Faisal I of Iraq|Faisal ibn Husayn]], who had been proclaimed [[List of Syrian monarchs|King of Syria]] by a [[Syrian National Congress]] in [[Damascus]] in March 1920, was [[Franco-Syrian War|ejected]] by the French in July of the same year. Faisal was then granted by the British the territory of Iraq, to rule it as a kingdom, with the British [[Royal Air Force]] (RAF) retaining certain military control, but {{lang|la|de facto}}, the territory remained under British administration until 1932.<ref>''Ethnicity, State Formation, and Conscription in Postcolonial Iraq: The Case of the Yazidi Kurds of Jabal Sinjar''. JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/164402?uid=3738240&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=47698848165747]</ref> [[Faisal I of Iraq|Faisal ibn Husayn]], who had been proclaimed [[List of Syrian monarchs|King of Syria]] by a [[Syrian National Congress]] in [[Damascus]] in March 1920, was [[Franco-Syrian War|ejected]] by the French in July of the same year. Faisal was then granted by the British the territory of Iraq, to rule it as a kingdom, with the British [[Royal Air Force]] (RAF) retaining certain military control, but {{lang|la|de facto}}, the territory remained under British administration until 1932.<ref>''Ethnicity, State Formation, and Conscription in Postcolonial Iraq: The Case of the Yazidi Kurds of Jabal Sinjar''. JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/164402?uid=3738240&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=47698848165747]</ref>

The civil government of postwar [[Iraq]] was headed originally by the [[High Commissioner]], [[Percy Cox|Sir Percy Cox]], and his deputy, [[Colonel]] [[Arnold Wilson]]. British [[reprisal]]s after the capture and killing of a British officer in [[Najaf]] failed to restore order. The British occupiers faced the growing strength of the nationalists, who continued to resist against the British authority. British administration had yet to be established in [[Iraqi Kurdistan]]. The civil government of postwar Iraq was headed originally by the [[High Commissioner]], [[Percy Cox|Sir Percy Cox]], and his deputy, [[Colonel]] [[Arnold Wilson]]. British [[reprisal]]s after the capture and killing of a British officer in [[Najaf]] failed to restore order. The British occupiers faced the growing strength of the nationalists, who continued to resist against the British authority. British administration had yet to be established in [[Iraqi Kurdistan]].

Although often thought to have been invented by the British after [[World War I]], Iraq had long existed as a distinct region under the Ottoman Empire, encompassing the provinces of [[Mosul vilayet|Mosul]], [[Baghdad vilayet|Baghdad]], and [[Basra vilayet|Basra]] and officially referred to as '[[Ottoman Iraq|the Iraq Region]]'.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/cdn/file/download?fileId=37 |title=Musul – Kerkük ile İlgili Arşiv Belgeleri (1525–1919) |publisher=T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü |year=1993 |location=Ankara |pages=180–181, 306–307, 311–312, 330 |language=tr |archive-date=21 August 2025 |access-date=4 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821194013/https://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/cdn/file/download?fileId=37 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nuri |first=Nahar Muhammed |year=2018 |title=Iraq is not Artificial: Iraqi Trends and the Refutation of the Artificial State Hypothesis |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.31430/almuntaqa.1.3.0009 |journal=AlMuntaqa |publisher=Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=14–15 |via=JSTOR |archive-date=12 October 2025 |access-date=27 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012152324/https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.31430/almuntaqa.1.3.0009 |url-status=live }}</ref> Although often thought to have been invented by the British after [[World War I]], Iraq had long existed as a distinct region under the Ottoman Empire, encompassing the provinces of [[Mosul vilayet|Mosul]], [[Baghdad vilayet|Baghdad]], and [[Basra vilayet|Basra]] and officially referred to as '[[Ottoman Iraq|the Iraq Region]]'.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/cdn/file/download?fileId=37 |title=Musul – Kerkük ile İlgili Arşiv Belgeleri (1525–1919) |publisher=T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü |year=1993 |location=Ankara |pages=180–181, 306–307, 311–312, 330 |language=tr |archive-date=21 August 2025 |access-date=4 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821194013/https://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/cdn/file/download?fileId=37 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nuri |first=Nahar Muhammed |year=2018 |title=Iraq is not Artificial: Iraqi Trends and the Refutation of the Artificial State Hypothesis |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.31430/almuntaqa.1.3.0009 |journal=AlMuntaqa |publisher=Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=14–15 |via=JSTOR |archive-date=12 October 2025 |access-date=27 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012152324/https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.31430/almuntaqa.1.3.0009 |url-status=live }}</ref>