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{{Short description|French noble}}
{{Short description|French noble}}
'''Liefmann Calmer, lord of Picquigny and vidame (avoué) of Amiens''' (1711 in
[[Aurich]], [[Hanover]] – December 17, 1784 in [[Paris]]) was an important
personage in French Jewry of the eighteenth century. His full synagogal name was
''Moses Eliezer Lipmann ben Kalonymus'' — in German, "Kallmann," whence
the family name "Calmer" is said to have been derived. From "Lipmann"
undoubtedly came "Liefmann." Calmer first moved to [[The Hague]], and later left
the [[Dutch Republic]] for France, where he made a fortune in commerce and
became official purveyor to King [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]]. In 1769 he
obtained French letters of naturalization. He exerted considerable influence in
public affairs and became administrator of the "German" Jews in Paris.
'''Liefmann Calmer, lord of Picquigny and vidame (avoué) of Amiens''' (1711 in
[[Aurich]], [[Hanover]] – December 17, 1784 in [[Paris]]) was an important
personage in [[History of the Jews in France#Beginnings of emancipation|French
Jewry of the 18th century]]. His full synagogal name was ''Moses Eliezer Lipmann
ben Kalonymus'' — in German, "Kallmann," whence the family name "Calmer"
is said to have been derived. From "Lipmann" undoubtedly came "Liefmann." Calmer
first moved to [[The Hague]], and later left the [[Dutch Republic]] for France,
where he made a fortune in commerce and became official purveyor to King [[Louis
XV]]. In 1769 he obtained French letters of naturalization. He exerted
considerable influence in public affairs and became administrator of the
"German" Jews in Paris.
On April 27, 1774, Pierre Briet, lord of Benapré, as front man for Calmer,
bought from the creditors of the duke of Chaulnes the lordship of the barony of
Picquigny and the function of [[vidame]] of Amiens in the [[Somme
(department)|Somme]] for 1,500,000 francs. A little later it was declared that
the purchase was made in the name of Liefmann Calmer, full citizen of The Hague
and naturalized Frenchman. Because he was not a nobleman, he cannot use the
title of baron of Picquigny but only the title of lord of the barony of
Picquigny. Only the king of France can created a baron, the fact to buy a barony
does not transform the owner into a baron. He thus vidame of Amiens, and the
first French Jewish man with ecclesiastic feudal functions. The titles included
feudal privileges, among which was the appointment of priests. This led to the
fierce opposition of the Catholic Church to the sale.
On April 27, 1774, Pierre Briet, lord of Benapré, as front man for Calmer,
bought from the creditors of the duke of Chaulnes the lordship of the barony of
Picquigny and the function of [[vidame]] of Amiens in the [[Somme
(department)|Somme]] for 1,500,000 francs. A little later it was declared that
the purchase was made in the name of Liefmann Calmer, full citizen of The Hague
and naturalized Frenchman. Because he was not a nobleman, he cannot use the
title of baron of Picquigny but only the title of lord of the barony of
Picquigny. Only the king of France can created a baron, the fact to buy a barony
does not transform the owner into a baron. He thus vidame of Amiens, and the
first French Jewish man with ecclesiastic feudal functions. The titles included
feudal privileges, among which was the appointment of priests. This led to the
fierce opposition of the Catholic Church to the sale.
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{{notice|1=The link provided (though it may not currently exist as a live
English Wikipedia page) refers to '''Pica-Pica''' (often searched as ''Los Pica
Pica''), a highly popular Spanish children's musical and theatrical group formed
in Madrid in 2011.
{{notice|1=The link provided (though it may not currently exist as a live
English Wikipedia page) refers to '''Pica-Pica''' (often searched as ''Los Pica
Pica''), a highly popular Spanish children's musical and theatrical group formed
in Madrid in 2011.
The group is famous for its humorous sketches, educational content, and catchy
songs ''aimed at young children'' and families. They have achieved massive
success on YouTube, earning a Diamond Creator Award for surpassing 10 million
subscribers.}}
The group is famous for its humorous sketches, educational content, and catchy
songs ''aimed at young children'' and families. They have achieved massive
success on [[YouTube]], earning a Diamond Creator Award for surpassing 10
million subscribers.}}
[[File:Wikipedia video tutorial-1-Editing-en.ogv|thumb|250px|How to edit?
(tutorial for Wikipedia)]]
==About==
==About==
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1. Point out any mistakes or missed paragraphs I made in an AI purge (I'M TRYING
OKAY)
1. Point out any mistakes or missed paragraphs I made in an AI purge (I'M TRYING
OKAY)
2. Warn me (I doubt I violated any Wikipedia policy, but if I did it was
probably an accident)
2. Giving me an important message from the admins (ONLY if you are an admin)
3. Request any advice (If you REALLY can't find anyone else...)
3. Request any advice (If you REALLY can't find anyone else...)
Line 8: Line 8:
4. Complain. (Yes I allow you to complain here. In reality, if you're sad that I
removed your low effort AI generated paragraph, womp womp)
4. Complain. (Yes I allow you to complain here. In reality, if you're sad that I
removed your low effort AI generated paragraph, womp womp)
If you're here for any other reason, DON'T. Just don't. I refuse to deal with
it.}}
If you're here for any other reason, DON'T. Just don't. I refuse to deal with
it.}}
{{Busy}}
== A belated welcome! ==
== A belated welcome! ==
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| position = MF, CB
| position = MF, CB
| currentclub = [[Raufoss IL]]
| currentclub = [[Raufoss IL]]
| clubnumber =
| clubnumber = 13
| youthyears1 = 2000–2011
| youthyears1 = 2000–2011
| youthclubs1 = [[Hittarps IK]]
| youthclubs1 = [[Hittarps IK]]
link rot cleanup
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| birth_name = Arlene Duran Brosas
| birth_name = Arlene Duran Brosas
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1975|10|30}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1975|10|30}}
| birth_place = [[Quezon City]],
Philippines<ref>https://comelec.gov.ph/php-tpls-attachments/2025NLE/COC_2025NLE/COC_Senator138/BROSAS,%20ARLENE%20DURAN.pdf
{{Bare URL PDF|date=November 2025}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Quezon City]], Philippines<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not
stated --> |date=October 29, 2024 |title=Certificate of Candidacy for Senator
|url=https://comelec.gov.ph/php-tpls-attachments/2025NLE/COC_2025NLE/COC_Senator138/BROSAS,%20ARLENE%20DURAN.pdf
|website=[[Commission on Elections (Philippines)|comelec]]
|access-date=2026-03-04}}</ref>
| death_date =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| death_place =
Requesting speedy deletion (CSD G5).
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{{db-banned|user=TheMaxChannel528}}
#REDIRECT [[2026 Summer Youth Olympics]]
#REDIRECT [[2026 Summer Youth Olympics]]
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Wbm1058 deleted page Talk:Lake Island G8: Page dependent on a deleted or
nonexistent page
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