Punjabi culture

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[[Bhangra (music)|''Bhangra'']] is one of the many Punjabi musical art forms that are increasingly listened to in the West and becoming a mainstream favourite.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moreno |first=Jacqueline |title=Bhangra conquering one dance move at a time |url=https://observer.case.edu/bhangra-conquering-one-dance-move-at-a-time/ |access-date=2019-12-26 |website=The Observer}}</ref> Punjabi music is used by western musicians in many ways, such as mixing with other compositions to produce award-winning music. [[Sufi music]] and [[Qawali]], commonly practiced in [[Punjab, Pakistan|Pakistani Punjab]]; are other important genres in the Punjab region.<ref>{{cite book|last=Pande|first=Alka|title=Folk music & musical instruments of Punjab : from mustard fields to disco lights|year=1999|publisher=Mapin Pub.|location=Ahmedabad [India]|isbn=978-18-902-0615-4|url=https://archive.org/details/folkmusicmusical00pand}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Thinda|first=Karanaila Siṅgha|title=Pañjāba dā loka wirasā|year=1996|publisher=Pabalikeshana Biūro, Pañjābī Yūniwarasiṭī|location=Paṭiālā|isbn=978-81-7380-223-2|edition=New rev.}}</ref> Other Punjabi dances include Sammi, Luddi, Kikkli, Giddha, Jaggo, Jhumar (also called Ghumar) [[Bhangra (music)|''Bhangra'']] is one of the many Punjabi musical art forms that are increasingly listened to in the West and becoming a mainstream favourite.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moreno |first=Jacqueline |title=Bhangra conquering one dance move at a time |url=https://observer.case.edu/bhangra-conquering-one-dance-move-at-a-time/ |access-date=2019-12-26 |website=The Observer}}</ref> Punjabi music is used by western musicians in many ways, such as mixing with other compositions to produce award-winning music. [[Sufi music]] and [[Qawali]], commonly practiced in [[Punjab, Pakistan|Pakistani Punjab]]; are other important genres in the Punjab region.<ref>{{cite book|last=Pande|first=Alka|title=Folk music & musical instruments of Punjab : from mustard fields to disco lights|year=1999|publisher=Mapin Pub.|location=Ahmedabad [India]|isbn=978-18-902-0615-4|url=https://archive.org/details/folkmusicmusical00pand}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Thinda|first=Karanaila Siṅgha|title=Pañjāba dā loka wirasā|year=1996|publisher=Pabalikeshana Biūro, Pañjābī Yūniwarasiṭī|location=Paṭiālā|isbn=978-81-7380-223-2|edition=New rev.}}</ref>

'''History of Modern Music''' '''History of Modern Music'''

Modern Punjabi music started to develop and alter in the 20th century as it was impacted by Western musical genres including pop, rock, and hip-hop. As a result, a brand-new genre of Punjabi music emerged, fusing contemporary beats and production methods with traditional instruments and melodies. Gurdas Maan was a trailblazer of the new Punjabi music scene, becoming well known in the 1980s with singles like "Challa" and "Mamla Gadbad Hai." Traditional Punjabi folk tunes were blended with contemporary production methods in Maan's music, while societal themes including drug misuse, poverty, and governmental corruption were frequently touched upon in his lyrics.<ref>{{Cite web |last=songs |first=Punjabi |date=2023-05-04 |title=Top 100 The Evolution of Punjabi Music: From Folk Traditions to Modern Pop Hits |url=https://medium.com/@butagill1169/top-100-the-evolution-of-punjabi-music-from-folk-traditions-to-modern-pop-hits-5d951b9af946 |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Surinder Kaur sang many Punjabi folk songs, which include the most famous Punjabi folk song, Chan Kithan. Some famous Punjabi folk songs are MeDa dhol Jawaniya maane, Sohna Sanwla, Khan Ghara de. Punjabi music started to develop and alter in the 20th century as it was impacted by Western musical genres including pop, rock, and hip-hop. As a result, a brand-new genre of Punjabi music emerged, fusing contemporary beats and production methods with traditional instruments and melodies. Gurdas Maan was a trailblazer of the new Punjabi music scene, becoming well known in the 1980s with singles like "Challa" and "Mamla Gadbad Hai." Traditional Punjabi folk tunes were blended with contemporary production methods in Maan's music, while societal themes including drug misuse, poverty, and governmental corruption were frequently touched upon in his lyrics.<ref>{{Cite web |last=songs |first=Punjabi |date=2023-05-04 |title=Top 100 The Evolution of Punjabi Music: From Folk Traditions to Modern Pop Hits |url=https://medium.com/@butagill1169/top-100-the-evolution-of-punjabi-music-from-folk-traditions-to-modern-pop-hits-5d951b9af946 |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref>

When talking about the History of Modern Music it is important to talk about a current artist that is creating history within the Punjabi culture. [[Diljit Dosanjh]] is an artist that has been creating history worldwide the last three to four years. After his success in Bollywood films, he set course in wanting to take his art and his culture to the worldwide level. Diljit's international journey really took off when his album 'Moonchild Era' became announced on Times Square. "Times Square takeover. Diljit's album 'Moonchild Era' lit up New York's iconic billboard in 2022. Talk about how he's going places."<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-06|title=Diljit Dosanjh's top 7 international moments|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/visualstories/entertainment/diljit-dosanjh-top-7-international-moments-coachella-met-gala-jimmy-fallon-231267-06-05-2025|access-date=2026-04-02|website=www.indiatoday.in|language=en}}</ref> Another thing Diljit Dosanjh did that created major history worldwide for the Punjabi culture was, "History made at Coachella 2023. Diljit became the first Punjabi artiste to perform at Coachella- in a kurta, turban, and sneakers."<ref name=":03" /> After this event followed many other historical events. For example, Diljit Dosanjh is the first Punjabi artist that performed on 'The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon' in June of 2024. "Late-night debut! Days before the Gala, Diljit performed his hit 'Born to Shine' on 'The Tonight Show' starring Jimmy Fallon = becoming the Indian artiste to do so."<ref name=":03" />After that Diljit Dosanjh was given the opportunity to walk the Met Gala, "Met Gala debut in full Punjabi glory. The 41-year-old walked the floral carpet of Met Gala 2025, repping his roots, and shared a viral 'Hi India' moment with Shakira. Again, first ever for a turbaned artiste at Met Gala."<ref name=":03" /> Not only did Diljit share a viral moment with Shakira saying hello to India but he also blew it out of the park with his attire at the Met. "Diljit Dosanjh wore a Maharaja- inspired look for Met Gala 2025, featuring a long sherwani paired with layered diamond-emerald necklace, a kirpan, his jewelled turban- all representing the royal history of Punjab."<ref name=":03" /> His attire also had a cape as well and on that cape there was an outline of the state of Punjab on it and inside that outline was the Punjabi Gurmukhi alphabet representing his culture and his mother tongue. He has also collaborated with international artists like Sia, Saweetie, David Guetta, and J Balvin, and many more. Just this year Diljit Dosanjh released a song with Sia and David Guetta. "Diljit Dosanjh collabs with Sia and David Guetta for Punjabi single Ranjha."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk|first=India Today Entertainment|date=2026-03-13|title=Diljit Dosanjh collabs with Sia and David Guetta for Punjabi single Ranjha. Watch|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/music/story/punjabi-musician-diljit-dosanjh-teams-up-with-sia-and-david-guetta-for-global-hit-ranjha-2881315-2026-03-13|access-date=2026-04-02|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> These are still just a few things Diljit Dosanjh has done to create history in modern music within the Punjabi culture, there is still so much more he is going to achieve going forward. He is definitely taking this culture to the worldwide level with a sense of pride and his fans are supporting him through his journey with pride as well. When talking about the History of Modern Music it is important to talk about a current artist that is creating history within the Punjabi culture. [[Diljit Dosanjh]] is an artist that has been creating history worldwide the last three to four years. After his success in Bollywood films, he set course in wanting to take his art and his culture to the worldwide level. Diljit's international journey really took off when his album 'Moonchild Era' became announced on Times Square. "Times Square takeover. Diljit's album 'Moonchild Era' lit up New York's iconic billboard in 2022. Talk about how he's going places."<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-06|title=Diljit Dosanjh's top 7 international moments|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/visualstories/entertainment/diljit-dosanjh-top-7-international-moments-coachella-met-gala-jimmy-fallon-231267-06-05-2025|access-date=2026-04-02|website=www.indiatoday.in|language=en}}</ref> Another thing Diljit Dosanjh did that created major history worldwide for the Punjabi culture was, "History made at Coachella 2023. Diljit became the first Punjabi artiste to perform at Coachella- in a kurta, turban, and sneakers."<ref name=":03" /> After this event followed many other historical events. For example, Diljit Dosanjh is the first Punjabi artist that performed on 'The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon' in June of 2024. "Late-night debut! Days before the Gala, Diljit performed his hit 'Born to Shine' on 'The Tonight Show' starring Jimmy Fallon = becoming the Indian artiste to do so."<ref name=":03" />After that Diljit Dosanjh was given the opportunity to walk the Met Gala, "Met Gala debut in full Punjabi glory. The 41-year-old walked the floral carpet of Met Gala 2025, repping his roots, and shared a viral 'Hi India' moment with Shakira. Again, first ever for a turbaned artiste at Met Gala."<ref name=":03" /> Not only did Diljit share a viral moment with Shakira saying hello to India but he also blew it out of the park with his attire at the Met. "Diljit Dosanjh wore a Maharaja- inspired look for Met Gala 2025, featuring a long sherwani paired with layered diamond-emerald necklace, a kirpan, his jewelled turban- all representing the royal history of Punjab."<ref name=":03" /> His attire also had a cape as well and on that cape there was an outline of the state of Punjab on it and inside that outline was the Punjabi Gurmukhi alphabet representing his culture and his mother tongue. He has also collaborated with international artists like Sia, Saweetie, David Guetta, and J Balvin, and many more. Just this year Diljit Dosanjh released a song with Sia and David Guetta. "Diljit Dosanjh collabs with Sia and David Guetta for Punjabi single Ranjha."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk|first=India Today Entertainment|date=2026-03-13|title=Diljit Dosanjh collabs with Sia and David Guetta for Punjabi single Ranjha. Watch|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/music/story/punjabi-musician-diljit-dosanjh-teams-up-with-sia-and-david-guetta-for-global-hit-ranjha-2881315-2026-03-13|access-date=2026-04-02|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> These are still just a few things Diljit Dosanjh has done to create history in modern music within the Punjabi culture, there is still so much more he is going to achieve going forward. He is definitely taking this culture to the worldwide level with a sense of pride and his fans are supporting him through his journey with pride as well. Line 62: Line 62:

[[File:Detail_of_Baba_Farid_from_a_Guler_painting_showing_an_imaginary_meeting_of_Sufi_saints.jpg|thumb|[[Fariduddin Ganjshakar|Baba Farid]], considered the first major Punjabi poet.<ref name=":1">''Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature'' (Vol. 2), Sahitya Akademi, p. 1263</ref>]] [[File:Detail_of_Baba_Farid_from_a_Guler_painting_showing_an_imaginary_meeting_of_Sufi_saints.jpg|thumb|[[Fariduddin Ganjshakar|Baba Farid]], considered the first major Punjabi poet.<ref name=":1">''Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature'' (Vol. 2), Sahitya Akademi, p. 1263</ref>]] The Punjabi language is written with the [[Gurmukhi alphabet]] in India and with the [[Shahmukhi alphabet]] in Pakistan. Approximately 180 million people speak the Punjabi language.<ref name=Omniglot>{{cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/punjabi.htm |title=Punjabi language and the Gurmukhi and Shahmuhi scripts and pronunciation |website=Omniglot.com |date= |accessdate=2017-02-27}}</ref> The Punjabi language is written with the [[Gurmukhi alphabet]] in India and with the [[Shahmukhi alphabet]] in Pakistan. Approximately 130 million people speak the Punjabi language.<ref name=Omniglot>{{cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/punjabi.htm |title=Punjabi language and the Gurmukhi and Shahmuhi scripts and pronunciation |website=Omniglot.com |date= |accessdate=2017-02-27}}</ref>

The earliest writings in Punjabi belong to [[Nath|Nath Yogi]] era from 7th to 14th century.<ref name="Hoiberg 20002">{{Cite book |last=Hoiberg |first=Dale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISFBJarYX7YC&q=Punjabi+language+Nath+Saints&pg=PA214 |title=Students' Britannica India |date=2000 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-0-85229-760-5 |language=en |access-date=25 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402155537/https://books.google.com/books?id=ISFBJarYX7YC&q=Punjabi+language+Nath+Saints&pg=PA214 |archive-date=2 April 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> They referred to God with various names such as "Alakh Nirajan" which are still prevalent in Punjabi vernacular.<ref name="Hoiberg 20002" /> The earliest writings in Punjabi belong to [[Nath|Nath Yogi]] era from 9th to 14th century.<ref name="Hoiberg 20002">{{Cite book |last=Hoiberg |first=Dale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISFBJarYX7YC&q=Punjabi+language+Nath+Saints&pg=PA214 |title=Students' Britannica India |date=2000 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-0-85229-760-5 |language=en |access-date=25 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402155537/https://books.google.com/books?id=ISFBJarYX7YC&q=Punjabi+language+Nath+Saints&pg=PA214 |archive-date=2 April 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> They referred to God with various names such as "Alakh Nirajan" which are still prevalent in Punjabi vernacular.<ref name="Hoiberg 20002" />

The Punjabi literary tradition is popularly seen to commence with [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]] (1173–1266).<ref name=":1" /> Roughly from the 12th century to the 19th century, Punjabi Sufi poetry developed under [[Shah Hussain]] (1538–1599), [[Sultan Bahu]] (1628–1691), Shah Sharaf (1640–1724), Ali Haider (1690–1785), [[Bulleh Shah]] (1680–1757), [[Saleh Muhammad Safoori]] (1747–1826), [[Mian Muhammad Bakhsh|Mian Muhammad Baksh]] (1830–1907) and [[Khwaja Ghulam Farid]] (1845–1901). In contrast to Persian poets, who had preferred the ''[[ghazal]]'' for poetic expression, Punjabi Sufi poets tended to compose in the ''[[Kafi]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Articles on Bulleh Shah's Poetry |url=http://www.apnaorg.com/poetry/bullahn/}}</ref> The Punjabi literary tradition is popularly seen to commence with [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]] (1173–1266).<ref name=":1" /> Roughly from the 12th century to the 19th century, Punjabi Sufi poetry developed under [[Shah Hussain]] (1538–1599), [[Sultan Bahu]] (1628–1691), Shah Sharaf (1640–1724), Ali Haider (1690–1785), [[Bulleh Shah]] (1680–1757), [[Saleh Muhammad Safoori]] (1747–1826), [[Mian Muhammad Bakhsh|Mian Muhammad Baksh]] (1830–1907) and [[Khwaja Ghulam Farid]] (1845–1901). In contrast to Persian poets, who had preferred the ''[[ghazal]]'' for poetic expression, Punjabi Sufi poets tended to compose in the ''[[Kafi]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Articles on Bulleh Shah's Poetry |url=http://www.apnaorg.com/poetry/bullahn/}}</ref>