: Prod2
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 6: Line 6:
|help =
|help =
}}
}}
{{Prod2|This is so heavily based on a single writer's work as to be
[[WP:OR|original
research]].}}
{{single source|date=December 2016}}
{{single source|date=December 2016}}
'''The Three Levels of Leadership''' is a [[leadership]] model formulated in
2011 by [[James Scouller]].<ref>''Scouller, J. (2011). The Three Levels of
Leadership: How to Develop Your Leadership Presence, Knowhow and Skill.
Cirencester: Management Books 2000.'', {{ISBN|9781852526818}}</ref> Designed as
a practical tool for developing a person's leadership presence,
[[knowhow|know-how]] and skill. It aims to summarize what leaders have to do,
not only to bring leadership to their group or organization, but also to develop
themselves technically and psychologically as leaders. It has been classified as
an "[[Leadership#Integrated psychological theory|integrated psychological]]"
theory of [[leadership]]. It is sometimes known as the 3P model of leadership
(the three Ps standing for Public, Private and Personal leadership).
'''The Three Levels of Leadership''' is a [[leadership]] model formulated in
2011 by [[James Scouller]].<ref>''Scouller, J. (2011). The Three Levels of
Leadership: How to Develop Your Leadership Presence, Knowhow and Skill.
Cirencester: Management Books 2000.'', {{ISBN|9781852526818}}</ref> Designed as
a practical tool for developing a person's leadership presence,
[[knowhow|know-how]] and skill. It aims to summarize what leaders have to do,
not only to bring leadership to their group or organization, but also to develop
themselves technically and psychologically as leaders. It has been classified as
an "[[Leadership#Integrated psychological theory|integrated psychological]]"
theory of [[leadership]]. It is sometimes known as the 3P model of leadership
(the three Ps standing for Public, Private and Personal leadership).
cose
DYK for Hannah Cruz: Reply
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 86: Line 86:
|text = On [[Wikipedia:Did you know archive/2026/May#3 May 2026|3 May 2026]],
'''[[:Template:Did you know|Did you know]]''' was updated with a fact from the
article '''''[[Hannah Cruz]]''''', which you recently created, substantially
expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ''... that Lin-Manuel
Miranda showed '''[[Hannah Cruz]]''' a tunnel to her husband?'' The nomination
discussion and review may be seen at [[Template:Did you know nominations/Hannah
Cruz]]. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or
articles got while on the front page <small>([[User:Rjanag/Pageview stats|here's
how]],
[https://pageviews.toolforge.org/?start=2026-04-23&end=2026-05-13&project=en.wikipedia.org&pages=Hannah_Cruz
Hannah Cruz])</small>, and the hook may be added to [[Wikipedia:Did you
know/Statistics/Monthly DYK pageview leaders|the statistics page]] after its run
on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from
another recently created article, then please feel free to [[:WP:DYKCNN|nominate
it]].
|text = On [[Wikipedia:Did you know archive/2026/May#3 May 2026|3 May 2026]],
'''[[:Template:Did you know|Did you know]]''' was updated with a fact from the
article '''''[[Hannah Cruz]]''''', which you recently created, substantially
expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ''... that Lin-Manuel
Miranda showed '''[[Hannah Cruz]]''' a tunnel to her husband?'' The nomination
discussion and review may be seen at [[Template:Did you know nominations/Hannah
Cruz]]. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or
articles got while on the front page <small>([[User:Rjanag/Pageview stats|here's
how]],
[https://pageviews.toolforge.org/?start=2026-04-23&end=2026-05-13&project=en.wikipedia.org&pages=Hannah_Cruz
Hannah Cruz])</small>, and the hook may be added to [[Wikipedia:Did you
know/Statistics/Monthly DYK pageview leaders|the statistics page]] after its run
on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from
another recently created article, then please feel free to [[:WP:DYKCNN|nominate
it]].
}}<!-- Template:UpdatedDYK --> [[User:AirshipJungleman29|~~
AirshipJungleman29]] ([[User talk:AirshipJungleman29|talk]]) 00:03, 3 May 2026
(UTC)
}}<!-- Template:UpdatedDYK --> [[User:AirshipJungleman29|~~
AirshipJungleman29]] ([[User talk:AirshipJungleman29|talk]]) 00:03, 3 May 2026
(UTC)
:13,833 page views. Not bad! [[User:Viriditas|Viriditas]] ([[User
talk:Viriditas|talk]]) 00:13, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
WP:DUPREF
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}}
}}
'''Tetanus''' ({{etymology|grc|{{wikt-lang|grc|τέτανος}}|tension', 'stretched',
'rigid}}), also known as '''lockjaw''', is a [[bacterial infection]] caused by
''[[Clostridium tetani]]'' and characterized by [[muscle spasm]]s. In the most
common type, the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the
body. Each spasm usually lasts for a few minutes. Spasms occur frequently for
three to four weeks.<ref name="CDC2012Pink" /><ref>{{Cite journal
|last1=Sudarshan |first1=Raghav |last2=Sayo |first2=Ana Ria |last3=Renner
|first3=David Roman |last4=Saram |first4=Sophia de |last5=Godbole |first5=Gauri
|last6=Warrell |first6=Clare |last7=Duong |first7=Ha Thi Hai |last8=Thwaites
|first8=C. Louise |last9=Mehta |first9=Arpan R. |last10=Coughlan
|first10=Charles |date=2025-06-18 |title=Tetanus: recognition and management
|journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |issue=11 |pages=e645–e657
|language=English |volume=25 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00292-0 |pmid=40543524
|issn=1473-3099|pmc=7617864}}</ref> Some spasms may be severe enough to [[bone
fracture|fracture bones]].<ref name="CDC2013S">{{cite web |date=January 9, 2013
|title=Tetanus Symptoms and Complications
|url=https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/symptoms-complications.html
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212225108/http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/symptoms-complications.html
|archive-date=12 February 2015 |access-date=12 February 2015 |publisher=Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref> Other symptoms of tetanus may include
[[fever]], [[sweating]], [[headache]], [[dysphagia|trouble swallowing]],
[[hypertension|high blood pressure]], and a [[tachycardia|fast heart rate]]. The
onset of symptoms is typically 3 to 21 days following infection. Recovery may
take months; about 10% of cases prove to be [[death|fatal]].<ref
name=CDC2012Pink>{{cite book|last1=Atkinson|first1=William|title=Tetanus
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases|date=May
2012|publisher=Public Health
Foundation|isbn=978-0-9832631-3-5|pages=291–300|edition=12|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html|access-date=12
February
2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213010501/http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html|archive-date=February
13, 2015}} {{CDC}}</ref>
'''Tetanus''' ({{etymology|grc|{{wikt-lang|grc|τέτανος}}|tension', 'stretched',
'rigid}}), also known as '''lockjaw''', is a [[bacterial infection]] caused by
''[[Clostridium tetani]]'' and characterized by [[muscle spasm]]s. In the most
common type, the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the
body. Each spasm usually lasts for a few minutes. Spasms occur frequently for
three to four weeks.<ref name="CDC2012Pink" /><ref name="Sudarshan"/> Some
spasms may be severe enough to [[bone fracture|fracture bones]].<ref
name="CDC2013S">{{cite web |date=January 9, 2013 |title=Tetanus Symptoms and
Complications |url=https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/symptoms-complications.html
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212225108/http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/symptoms-complications.html
|archive-date=12 February 2015 |access-date=12 February 2015 |publisher=Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref> Other symptoms of tetanus may include
[[fever]], [[sweating]], [[headache]], [[dysphagia|trouble swallowing]],
[[hypertension|high blood pressure]], and a [[tachycardia|fast heart rate]]. The
onset of symptoms is typically 3 to 21 days following infection. Recovery may
take months; about 10% of cases prove to be [[death|fatal]].<ref
name=CDC2012Pink>{{cite book|last1=Atkinson|first1=William|title=Tetanus
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases|date=May
2012|publisher=Public Health
Foundation|isbn=978-0-9832631-3-5|pages=291–300|edition=12|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html|access-date=12
February
2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213010501/http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html|archive-date=February
13, 2015}} {{CDC}}</ref>
''C. tetani'' is commonly found in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. The bacteria
generally enter through a break in the skin, such as a cut or puncture wound
caused by a contaminated object.<ref name="CDC2012Pink" /><ref
name="CDC2013C">{{cite web |date=January 9, 2013 |title=Tetanus Causes and
Transmission |url=https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/causes-transmission.html
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212223308/http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/causes-transmission.html
|archive-date=12 February 2015 |access-date=12 February 2015 |publisher=Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref> They produce [[toxin]]s that
interfere with normal muscle contractions.<ref name=CDC2013Doc>{{cite
web|title=Tetanus For
Clinicians|url=https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/clinicians.html|publisher=Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=12 February 2015|date=January 9,
2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212224705/http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/clinicians.html|archive-date=12
February 2015}}</ref> Diagnosis is based on the presenting signs and symptoms.
The disease does not spread between people.<ref name=CDC2012Pink/>
''C. tetani'' is commonly found in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. The bacteria
generally enter through a break in the skin, such as a cut or puncture wound
caused by a contaminated object.<ref name="CDC2012Pink" /><ref
name="CDC2013C">{{cite web |date=January 9, 2013 |title=Tetanus Causes and
Transmission |url=https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/causes-transmission.html
|url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212223308/http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/causes-transmission.html
|archive-date=12 February 2015 |access-date=12 February 2015 |publisher=Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref> They produce [[toxin]]s that
interfere with normal muscle contractions.<ref name=CDC2013Doc>{{cite
web|title=Tetanus For
Clinicians|url=https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/clinicians.html|publisher=Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=12 February 2015|date=January 9,
2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212224705/http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/clinicians.html|archive-date=12
February 2015}}</ref> Diagnosis is based on the presenting signs and symptoms.
The disease does not spread between people.<ref name=CDC2012Pink/>
Line 68: Line 68:
== Pathophysiology ==
== Pathophysiology ==
[[File:Neurotransmitter vesicle before and after exposure to Tetanus
Toxin.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|A neurotransmitter-filled vesicle before and after
exposure to the tetanus toxin. The cleavage of the VAMP protein by the toxin
inhibits vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release into the synapse.]]
[[File:Neurotransmitter vesicle before and after exposure to Tetanus
Toxin.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|A neurotransmitter-filled vesicle before and after
exposure to the tetanus toxin. The cleavage of the VAMP protein by the toxin
inhibits vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release into the synapse.]]
Tetanus [[neurotoxin]] (TeNT) binds to the [[presynaptic membrane]] of the
[[neuromuscular junction]], is internalized, and is transported back through the
axon until it reaches the [[central nervous system]].<ref name=":0">{{cite
journal |vauthors=Pellizzari R, Rossetto O, Schiavo G, Montecucco C
|title=Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: mechanism of action and therapeutic
uses |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series
B, Biological Sciences |volume=354 |issue=1381 |pages=259–68 |date=February 1999
|pmid=10212474 |pmc=1692495 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1999.0377 |veditors=Clementi F,
Fesce R}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sudarshan |first1=Raghav |last2=Sayo
|first2=Ana Ria |last3=Renner |first3=David Roman |last4=Saram |first4=Sophia de
|last5=Godbole |first5=Gauri |last6=Warrell |first6=Clare |last7=Duong
|first7=Ha Thi Hai |last8=Thwaites |first8=C. Louise |last9=Mehta |first9=Arpan
R. |last10=Coughlan |first10=Charles |date=2025-06-18 |title=Tetanus:
recognition and management |journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |issue=11
|pages=e645–e657 |language=English |volume=25 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00292-0
|pmid=40543524 |issn=1473-3099|pmc=7617864}}</ref> Here, it selectively binds to
and is transported into inhibitory neurons via [[endocytosis]].<ref
name=":1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Montecucco C, Schiavo G, Meldolesi J,
Valtorta F |title=Mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins
|journal=Molecular Microbiology |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |date=July 1994
|pmid=7527117 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00396.x |s2cid=45069991
|doi-access=free}}</ref> It then leaves the vesicle for the neuron cytosol,
where it cleaves [[Vesicle-associated membrane protein|vesicle associated
membrane protein]] (VAMP) [[synaptobrevin]], which is necessary for membrane
fusion of small synaptic vesicles (SSV's).<ref name=":0" /> SSV's carry
[[neurotransmitter]] to the membrane for release, so inhibition of this process
blocks neurotransmitter release.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jung |first=Jae Hoon
|date=2019-05-31 |title=Synaptic Vesicles Having Large Contact Areas with the
Presynaptic Membrane are Preferentially Hemifused at Active Zones of Frog
Neuromuscular Junctions Fixed during Synaptic Activity |journal=International
Journal of Molecular Sciences |volume=20 |issue=11 |page=2692
|doi=10.3390/ijms20112692 |doi-access=free |issn=1422-0067 |pmc=6600287
|pmid=31159267}}</ref>
Tetanus [[neurotoxin]] (TeNT) binds to the [[presynaptic membrane]] of the
[[neuromuscular junction]], is internalized, and is transported back through the
axon until it reaches the [[central nervous system]].<ref name=":0">{{cite
journal |vauthors=Pellizzari R, Rossetto O, Schiavo G, Montecucco C
|title=Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: mechanism of action and therapeutic
uses |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series
B, Biological Sciences |volume=354 |issue=1381 |pages=259–68 |date=February 1999
|pmid=10212474 |pmc=1692495 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1999.0377 |veditors=Clementi F,
Fesce R}}</ref><ref name="Sudarshan"/> Here, it selectively binds to and is
transported into inhibitory neurons via [[endocytosis]].<ref name=":1">{{cite
journal |vauthors=Montecucco C, Schiavo G, Meldolesi J, Valtorta F
|title=Mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins
|journal=Molecular Microbiology |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |date=July 1994
|pmid=7527117 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00396.x |s2cid=45069991
|doi-access=free}}</ref> It then leaves the vesicle for the neuron cytosol,
where it cleaves [[Vesicle-associated membrane protein|vesicle associated
membrane protein]] (VAMP) [[synaptobrevin]], which is necessary for membrane
fusion of small synaptic vesicles (SSV's).<ref name=":0" /> SSV's carry
[[neurotransmitter]] to the membrane for release, so inhibition of this process
blocks neurotransmitter release.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jung |first=Jae Hoon
|date=2019-05-31 |title=Synaptic Vesicles Having Large Contact Areas with the
Presynaptic Membrane are Preferentially Hemifused at Active Zones of Frog
Neuromuscular Junctions Fixed during Synaptic Activity |journal=International
Journal of Molecular Sciences |volume=20 |issue=11 |page=2692
|doi=10.3390/ijms20112692 |doi-access=free |issn=1422-0067 |pmc=6600287
|pmid=31159267}}</ref>
Tetanus toxin specifically blocks the release of the neurotransmitters
[[Gamma-Aminobutyric acid|GABA]] and [[glycine]] from inhibitory neurons. These
neurotransmitters stop overactive motor neurons from firing and also play a role
in muscle relaxation after contraction. When inhibitory neurons are unable to
release their neurotransmitters, motor neurons fire out of control, and muscles
have difficulty relaxing. This causes the muscle spasms and [[Spasticity|spastic
paralysis]] seen in tetanus infection.<ref name=":0" />
Tetanus toxin specifically blocks the release of the neurotransmitters
[[Gamma-Aminobutyric acid|GABA]] and [[glycine]] from inhibitory neurons. These
neurotransmitters stop overactive motor neurons from firing and also play a role
in muscle relaxation after contraction. When inhibitory neurons are unable to
release their neurotransmitters, motor neurons fire out of control, and muscles
have difficulty relaxing. This causes the muscle spasms and [[Spasticity|spastic
paralysis]] seen in tetanus infection.<ref name=":0" />
Line 128: Line 128:
==Treatment==
==Treatment==
[[File:Tetanus world map-Deaths per million
persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Tetanus deaths per million persons in
2012{{Div
col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|0–1}}{{legend|#ffa020|1–2}}{{legend|#ff9a20|2–3}}{{legend|#f08015|4–8}}{{legend|#e06815|9–13}}{{legend|#d85010|14–28}}{{legend|#d02010|29–151}}{{div
col end}}
[[File:Tetanus world map-Deaths per million
persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Tetanus deaths per million persons in
2012{{Div
col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|0–1}}{{legend|#ffa020|1–2}}{{legend|#ff9a20|2–3}}{{legend|#f08015|4–8}}{{legend|#e06815|9–13}}{{legend|#d85010|14–28}}{{legend|#d02010|29–151}}{{div
col end}}
]]Treatment of adult tetanus was covered in a state-of-the-art review in
2025.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sudarshan |first1=Raghav |last2=Sayo |first2=Ana
Ria |last3=Renner |first3=David Roman |last4=Saram |first4=Sophia de
|last5=Godbole |first5=Gauri |last6=Warrell |first6=Clare |last7=Duong
|first7=Ha Thi Hai |last8=Thwaites |first8=C. Louise |last9=Mehta |first9=Arpan
R. |last10=Coughlan |first10=Charles |date=2025-06-18 |title=Tetanus:
recognition and management |journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |issue=11
|pages=e645–e657 |language=English |volume=25 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00292-0
|pmid=40543524 |issn=1473-3099|pmc=7617864}}</ref>
]]Treatment of adult tetanus was covered in a state-of-the-art review in
2025.<ref name="Sudarshan">{{Cite journal |last1=Sudarshan |first1=Raghav
|last2=Sayo |first2=Ana Ria |last3=Renner |first3=David Roman |last4=Saram
|first4=Sophia de |last5=Godbole |first5=Gauri |last6=Warrell |first6=Clare
|last7=Duong |first7=Ha Thi Hai |last8=Thwaites |first8=C. Louise |last9=Mehta
|first9=Arpan R. |last10=Coughlan |first10=Charles |date=2025-06-18
|title=Tetanus: recognition and management |journal=The Lancet Infectious
Diseases |issue=11 |pages=e645–e657 |language=English |volume=25
|doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00292-0 |pmid=40543524
|issn=1473-3099|pmc=7617864}}</ref>
=== Mild tetanus ===
=== Mild tetanus ===
Subjects: the Cypherpunks,
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 43: Line 43:
* [[David Chaum]]
* [[David Chaum]]
* [[John Gilmore]]
* [[John Gilmore]]
* [[Len Sassaman]]
* [[Adam Back]]
* [[Hal Finney (computer scientist)|Hal Finney]]
* [[Nick Szabo]]
* [[Paul Le Roux]]
* [[Wei Dai]]
* [[William F. Friedman]]
* [[William F. Friedman]]
:* [[Military Cryptanalytics]]
:* [[Military Cryptanalytics]]
Traffic volumes: S8
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 690: Line 690:
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0;" | Busiest highways relative to
road profile
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#E0E0E0;" | Busiest highways relative to
road profile
|-
|-
| Busiest highway with 2x4 or more lanes
| Busiest highway with 2x5 or more lanes
|rowspan="2"|[[Expressway S8 (Poland)|S8]] in [[Warsaw]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Expressway S8 (Poland)|S8]] in [[Warsaw]]
| 196,000
| 196,000
|
|-
| Busiest highway with 2x4 lanes
| 163,000
|
|
|-
|-
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 23: Line 23:
__TOC__
__TOC__
==Discussion at [[:Talk:Linux#Addition of "GNU/Linux" as an alternate name in
the beginning of the introduction, after the term "Linux".|Talk:Linux
§ Addition of "GNU/Linux" as an alternate name in the beginning of the
introduction, after the term "Linux".]]==
[[File:Symbol watching blue lashes high contrast.svg|25px|link=|alt=]] You
are invited to join the discussion at [[:Talk:Linux#Addition of "GNU/Linux" as
an alternate name in the beginning of the introduction, after the term
"Linux".|Talk:Linux § Addition of "GNU/Linux" as an alternate name in the
beginning of the introduction, after the term "Linux".]]. <!-- Template:Please
see --> — [[User:Victor Matheus Amaral|<span
style="font-variant:small-caps">Victor Matheus Amaral</span>]] 00:13, 5 May 2026
(UTC)
== Expand Epstien? ==
== Expand Epstien? ==
Notification: listing of Nowroozٔ at WP:Redirects for discussion.
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 18: Line 18:
== Nomination for deletion of Template:PIE-OInd-Av ==
== Nomination for deletion of Template:PIE-OInd-Av ==
[[File:Ambox warning blue.svg|30px|link=]][[Template:PIE-OInd-Av]] has been
[[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion|nominated for deletion]]. You are invited
to comment on the discussion at [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2019
February 11#Template:PIE-OInd-Av|the template's entry on the Templates for
discussion page]].<!--Template:Tfdnotice--> [[User:Steel1943|<span style="color:
#2F4F4F;">'''''Steel1943'''''</span>]] ([[User talk:Steel1943|talk]]) 23:07, 11
February 2019 (UTC)
[[File:Ambox warning blue.svg|30px|link=]][[Template:PIE-OInd-Av]] has been
[[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion|nominated for deletion]]. You are invited
to comment on the discussion at [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2019
February 11#Template:PIE-OInd-Av|the template's entry on the Templates for
discussion page]].<!--Template:Tfdnotice--> [[User:Steel1943|<span style="color:
#2F4F4F;">'''''Steel1943'''''</span>]] ([[User talk:Steel1943|talk]]) 23:07, 11
February 2019 (UTC)
== "[[:Nowroozٔ]]" listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|Redirects for
discussion]] ==
[[File:Information.svg|30px]]
The redirect <span
class="plainlinks">[//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nowrooz%D9%94&redirect=no
Nowroozٔ]</span> has been listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for
discussion|redirects for discussion]] to determine whether its use and function
meets the [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect guidelines]]. Anyone, including you, is
welcome to comment on this redirect at '''{{section link|1=Wikipedia:Redirects
for discussion/Log/2026 May 5#Nowroozٔ}}''' until a consensus is reached. <!--
Template:RFDNote --> –[[User:LaundryPizza03|<b style="color:#77b">Laundry</b><b
style="color:#fb0">Pizza</b><b style="color:#b00">03</b>]] ([[User
talk:LaundryPizza03|<span
style="color:#0d0">d</span>]][[Special:Contribs/LaundryPizza03|<span
style="color:#0bf">c̄</span>]]) 00:13, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
Adding Nowroozٔ.
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 8: Line 8:
-->
-->
<!-- Add new entries directly below this line. -->
<!-- Add new entries directly below this line. -->
====Nowroozٔ====
*<span id="Nowroozٔ">{{no redirect|1 = Nowroozٔ }}</span> → [[:Nowruz]]
<span> <span class="plainlinks lx">([[Talk:Nowroozٔ|talk]] <b>·</b>
[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Nowroozٔ|links]] <b>·</b>
[[Special:PageHistory/Nowroozٔ|history]] <b>·</b>
[https://pageviews.toolforge.org/?start=2026-04-05&end=2026-05-04&project=en.wikipedia.org&pages=Nowrooz%D9%94
stats])</span></span> <small
class="plainlinks"><nowiki>[</nowiki> Closure: ''[{{fullurl:Nowroozٔ|action=edit&summary={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Nowroozٔ]]
closed as keep}}}}
keep]/[{{fullurl:Nowroozٔ|action=edit&summary={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Nowroozٔ]]
closed as retarget}}}} retarget]<span
class="sysop-show">/[{{fullurl:Nowroozٔ|action=delete&wpReason={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Nowroozٔ]]
closed as delete}}&wpDeleteTalk=1}} delete]</span>'' ]</small>
Missed this one in an RfD below. –[[User:LaundryPizza03|<b
style="color:#77b">Laundry</b><b style="color:#fb0">Pizza</b><b
style="color:#b00">03</b>]] ([[User talk:LaundryPizza03|<span
style="color:#0d0">d</span>]][[Special:Contribs/LaundryPizza03|<span
style="color:#0bf">c̄</span>]]) 00:13, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
==== The character ﷺ ====
==== The character ﷺ ====
*<span id="Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)">{{no redirect|1 = Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
}}</span> → [[:Muhammad]] <span> <span class="plainlinks
lx">([[Talk:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)|talk]] <b>·</b>
[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)|links]] <b>·</b>
[[Special:PageHistory/Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)|history]] <b>·</b>
[https://pageviews.toolforge.org/?start=2026-04-05&end=2026-05-04&project=en.wikipedia.org&pages=Allah%27s_Messenger_(%EF%B7%BA)
stats])</span></span> <small
class="plainlinks"><nowiki>[</nowiki> Closure: ''[{{fullurl:Allah's
Messenger
(ﷺ)|action=edit&summary={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ)]] closed as keep}}}} keep]/[{{fullurl:Allah's Messenger
(ﷺ)|action=edit&summary={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ)]] closed as retarget}}}} retarget]<span
class="sysop-show">/[{{fullurl:Allah's Messenger
(ﷺ)|action=delete&wpReason={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ)]] closed as delete}}&wpDeleteTalk=1}}
delete]</span>'' ]</small>
*<span id="Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)">{{no redirect|1 = Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
}}</span> → [[:Muhammad]] <span> <span class="plainlinks
lx">([[Talk:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)|talk]] <b>·</b>
[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)|links]] <b>·</b>
[[Special:PageHistory/Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)|history]] <b>·</b>
[https://pageviews.toolforge.org/?start=2026-04-05&end=2026-05-04&project=en.wikipedia.org&pages=Allah%27s_Messenger_(%EF%B7%BA)
stats])</span></span> <small
class="plainlinks"><nowiki>[</nowiki> Closure: ''[{{fullurl:Allah's
Messenger
(ﷺ)|action=edit&summary={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ)]] closed as keep}}}} keep]/[{{fullurl:Allah's Messenger
(ﷺ)|action=edit&summary={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ)]] closed as retarget}}}} retarget]<span
class="sysop-show">/[{{fullurl:Allah's Messenger
(ﷺ)|action=delete&wpReason={{Urlencode:[[{{#invoke:TEMPLATENAME|main}}#Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ)]] closed as delete}}&wpDeleteTalk=1}}
delete]</span>'' ]</small>
Notification: listing of Nowroozٔ at WP:Redirects for discussion.
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 79: Line 79:
:{{Not done}}. "Middle East area" isn't a country either, nor is it clear why
being a country matters. –[[User:Deacon Vorbis|Deacon
Vorbis]] ([[User Talk:Deacon
Vorbis|carbon]] • [[Special:Contributions/Deacon Vorbis|videos]])
01:47, 22 March 2026 (UTC)
:{{Not done}}. "Middle East area" isn't a country either, nor is it clear why
being a country matters. –[[User:Deacon Vorbis|Deacon
Vorbis]] ([[User Talk:Deacon
Vorbis|carbon]] • [[Special:Contributions/Deacon Vorbis|videos]])
01:47, 22 March 2026 (UTC)
::It matters if it is a term used with the intent to attack a country’s
sovereignty. [[User:Athikalhakir|Athikalhakir]] ([[User
talk:Athikalhakir|talk]]) 18:11, 24 March 2026 (UTC)
::It matters if it is a term used with the intent to attack a country’s
sovereignty. [[User:Athikalhakir|Athikalhakir]] ([[User
talk:Athikalhakir|talk]]) 18:11, 24 March 2026 (UTC)
== "[[:Nowroozٔ]]" listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|Redirects for
discussion]] ==
[[File:Information.svg|30px]]
The redirect <span
class="plainlinks">[//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nowrooz%D9%94&redirect=no
Nowroozٔ]</span> has been listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for
discussion|redirects for discussion]] to determine whether its use and function
meets the [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect guidelines]]. Readers of this page are
welcome to comment on this redirect at '''{{section link|1=Wikipedia:Redirects
for discussion/Log/2026 May 5#Nowroozٔ}}''' until a consensus is reached. <!--
Template:RFDNote --> –[[User:LaundryPizza03|<b style="color:#77b">Laundry</b><b
style="color:#fb0">Pizza</b><b style="color:#b00">03</b>]] ([[User
talk:LaundryPizza03|<span
style="color:#0d0">d</span>]][[Special:Contribs/LaundryPizza03|<span
style="color:#0bf">c̄</span>]]) 00:13, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
Preparations and manoeuvres: we need a better explanation of what this image is
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 81: Line 81:
The fleets entered the estuary of the Arade on 17 July and dropped
anchor.{{sfn|Loud|2010|pp=196–197}}{{sfn|David|1939|p=617 n112}} According to
the ''Narratio'', the land was empty because its inhabitants had fled for refuge
to the city. Raiding parties were sent out to plunder and burn the nearby
villages. Two men from Bremen got separated and were ambushed by a force of ten
Almohad cavalry. A pinnace was sent upriver and via the [[Odelouca
River|Odelouca]] to establish contact with the Portuguese camp about
{{convert|16|mi|km}} away.{{sfn|Loud|2010|pp=196–197}} Sancho had delegated
command to a lieutenant, who is unnamed in the
''Narratio''.{{sfn|Lay|2009|p=156}} According to al-Marrākushī, he was Pedro
Henriques, but there is some doubt about the accuracy of al-Marrākushī on this
point.{{sfn|David|1939|p=618 n120}} On 18 July, the crusaders were joined by a
ship from Brittany. The same day, the Portuguese commander came to the anchorage
to discuss the attack. According to the ''Narratio'', he proposed attacking a
place called Dardea instead of Silves, but the crusaders
refused.{{sfn|Loud|2010|pp=196–197}} (If Dardea is an error for Gardea, it may
be equated with [[Cartaya]].{{sfn|Slaughter|1968|p=25}})
The fleets entered the estuary of the Arade on 17 July and dropped
anchor.{{sfn|Loud|2010|pp=196–197}}{{sfn|David|1939|p=617 n112}} According to
the ''Narratio'', the land was empty because its inhabitants had fled for refuge
to the city. Raiding parties were sent out to plunder and burn the nearby
villages. Two men from Bremen got separated and were ambushed by a force of ten
Almohad cavalry. A pinnace was sent upriver and via the [[Odelouca
River|Odelouca]] to establish contact with the Portuguese camp about
{{convert|16|mi|km}} away.{{sfn|Loud|2010|pp=196–197}} Sancho had delegated
command to a lieutenant, who is unnamed in the
''Narratio''.{{sfn|Lay|2009|p=156}} According to al-Marrākushī, he was Pedro
Henriques, but there is some doubt about the accuracy of al-Marrākushī on this
point.{{sfn|David|1939|p=618 n120}} On 18 July, the crusaders were joined by a
ship from Brittany. The same day, the Portuguese commander came to the anchorage
to discuss the attack. According to the ''Narratio'', he proposed attacking a
place called Dardea instead of Silves, but the crusaders
refused.{{sfn|Loud|2010|pp=196–197}} (If Dardea is an error for Gardea, it may
be equated with [[Cartaya]].{{sfn|Slaughter|1968|p=25}})
[[File:Silves-maures.jpg|thumb|Muslim Silves.]]
On 19 July, the crusaders sailed up the Arade as far as they could while the
Portuguese marched to a position just ahead of them. On 20 July, they approached
the city on [[skiff]]s and, according to the ''Narratio'', "pitched camp so that
it was well within double bowshot of the wall."{{sfn|Loud|2010|p=197}} They were
probably on the western side of the city.{{sfn|David|1939|p=619 n141}} A cavalry
troop galloped out to provoke a response and, against orders, some crusaders
charged them. They were attacked from the walls and retreated after suffering
casualties.{{sfn|Loud|2010|p=198}} The camp was moved closer to the walls of the
suburb and the crusaders spent the day preparing ladders for an assault the
following morning.{{sfn|Loud|2010|p=198}}{{sfn|David|1939|p=621 n169}}
On 19 July, the crusaders sailed up the Arade as far as they could while the
Portuguese marched to a position just ahead of them. On 20 July, they approached
the city on [[skiff]]s and, according to the ''Narratio'', "pitched camp so that
it was well within double bowshot of the wall."{{sfn|Loud|2010|p=197}} They were
probably on the western side of the city.{{sfn|David|1939|p=619 n141}} A cavalry
troop galloped out to provoke a response and, against orders, some crusaders
charged them. They were attacked from the walls and retreated after suffering
casualties.{{sfn|Loud|2010|p=198}} The camp was moved closer to the walls of the
suburb and the crusaders spent the day preparing ladders for an assault the
following morning.{{sfn|Loud|2010|p=198}}{{sfn|David|1939|p=621 n169}}
Logging RfD nomination of Nowroozٔ.
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 765: Line 765:
# [[:Nabeel (نبيل)]]: [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nabeel
(نبيل)|nominated]] at [[WP:AFD|AfD]]; notified {{user|1=AverageSoup}} 00:11, 5
May 2026 (UTC)
# [[:Nabeel (نبيل)]]: [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nabeel
(نبيل)|nominated]] at [[WP:AFD|AfD]]; notified {{user|1=AverageSoup}} 00:11, 5
May 2026 (UTC)
#* '''Reason''': Promotional article about an up-and-coming musician, likely
fails [[WP:GNG]]. It is unclear if the Arabic text is part of the musician's
stage name.
#* '''Reason''': Promotional article about an up-and-coming musician, likely
fails [[WP:GNG]]. It is unclear if the Arabic text is part of the musician's
stage name.
# [[:Nowroozٔ]]: [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2026 May
5#Nowroozٔ|nominated]] at [[WP:RFD|RfD]]; Target: [[:Nowruz]] (notified);
notified {{user|1=Jasper Zanjani}} 00:13, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
#* '''Reason''': Missed this one in an RfD below.
Listed for discussion at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2026 May
5#Nowroozٔ.
← Previous revision Revision as of 00:13, 5 May 2026 Line 1: Line 1:
{{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:RfD|||month = May
|day = 5
|year = 2026
|time = 00:13
|timestamp = 20260505001323
<!-- The above content is generated by {{subst:Rfd}}. -->
<!-- End of RFD message. Don't edit anything above here. Feel free to edit below
here, but do NOT change the redirect's target. -->|content=
#REDIRECT [[Nowruz]]
#REDIRECT [[Nowruz]]
<!-- Don't add anything after this line unless you're drafting a disambiguation
page or article to replace the redirect. -->
}}